Lithium battery models for battery charging and system loading

The paper presents the circuit model for both battery charging and system loading (or battery discharging) of Lithium batteries. The model parameters can be derived from the given data sheet of a battery manufacturer. Results show that, at the battery discharging and system loading conditions, the errors between the measurement results and the simulated results are 1.6% and 0.548% for system loading and battery charging, respectively. Thus, the proposed circuit model provides sufficient accuracy for battery simulation and fault diagnosis.