Piezoceramic coefficient hysteresis under high stress and electric field

This paper summarizes a mechanical model for characterizing hysteresis in ferroelectric materials at moderate to high drive levels. Hysteresis and nonlinearities are attributed to the displacement of domain walls. The model based on a simple mechanical element (dry friction), is developed to interpret piezo-coefficient hysteresis due to mechanical stress or electric field. The principles of basic element are given. The viability of the model is illustrated through comparison with experimental data from soft and hard PZT ceramics.