Minkowski fractal patch antenna for size and radar cross-section reduction

In this article, a novel Minkowski fractal patch antenna for size and backscattering radar cross-section (RCS) reduction is proposed. For comparison, a Koch fractal patch antenna is proposed at the same time. The study with different iterative degree of Koch and Minkowski fractal antennas and different ratio coefficient of Minkowski fractal antennas are also presented. Compared with original rectangular patch antenna, the proposed Koch 3nd fractal antenna achieves size reduction of 28.41% and Minkowski 3nd fractal antenna with ratio coefficient of 0.75 and 0.9 achieve size reduction of 49.76% and 62.73% respectively. At the same time, the backscattering RCS of the proposed Minkowski and Koch fractal antennas are reduced in multiple frequencies compared with original rectangular patch antenna. The study also deals with the effect of aspect angle variation on backscattering RCS reduction. The results show that the proposed Minkowski fractal patch antenna have compact size and low backscattering RCS, which demonstrates that the proposed Minkowski fractal patch antenna is valid in size and RCS reduction.