Localization of Wireless Sensor Nodes Using Proximity Information

This paper proposes a simple yet efficient localization algorithm for GPS-free sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSN). Our approach is hybrid in the sense that it utilizes a combination of GPS-enabled and localized GPS-free nodes. It relaxes the need to equip a large number of nodes with GPS interfaces, to have high radio ranges for all nodes, and to have a uniform deployment of GPS-enabled nodes. The proposed strategy performs well, extends the lifetime of WSN (GPS and high radio ranges drain energy faster), and reduces cost (GPS devices increase the cost of sensors considerably).