LiMnO2 cells for high rate applications

A high-rate Li-MnO₂ system is described, and the design considerations necessary for the military approval obtained in 1987 are discussed. A performance, comparison is made between battery packs using this solid cathode system and those using the high-rate liquid cathode systems now in use. Safety aspects when cells are severely abused are discussed, and tests carried out to simulate these conditions are described. The advantages of Li-MnO₂ cells compared to alternative high-rate-systems are demonstrated by several examples. It is shown that Li-MnO₂ cells and batteries outperform liquid cathodes in many common applications and that this system sets high standards for both safety and environmental protection