Cognitive radio communication architecture in smart grid reconfigurability

Smart grid is a next-generation electrical grid which set up a high-speed, fully integrated, two way communication technological frameworks having network features of dynamic interaction, real-time information and power exchange. A multi layered approach is proposed to provide energy and spectrum efficient designs of Cognitive Radio networks at the smart grid utility, which is mainly motivated by the explosive data volume, diverse data traffic, and need for QoS support. The network architecture is decomposed into three subareas: cognitive home area network, cognitive neighborhood area network, and cognitive wide area network, depending on the service ranges and potential applications. In Remedial Action Scheduling (RAS), Grid reconfiguration is a control action including topology changes, load/generation shedding and other measures to redirect power flow to the remaining unaffected loads in a smart grid. In this review paper, genetic algorithm (GA) based methodologies are used to reconfigure a network, satisfying the operational requirements and priorities of loads.