The blood sugar estimation through measurement of dielectric constant by using microwaves

Summary form only given. The microwave region of electromagnetic spectrum has many advantages as a choice of radiant energy for the interrogation of biological systems. The measurement of dielectric properties at microwave frequencies allows inferences to be made concerning the tertiary structure of biomolecules, at least with respect to hydration and their associated functions. At microwave frequencies the dominant molecular species contributing to the dielectric constant of bio-systems is water. Likewise, water and electrolytes dominate the dielectric losses in bio-systems. Electromagnetic radiation and propagation characteristics in media (fluid) depends upon the propagation constant γ. The propagation constant reveals the nature of the media in which the wave is propagating, which is a complex number. The real part of it is attenuation constant α, and the imaginary part of it is phase shift constant. The parameters α, β, and γ are generally related to the medium constants. One can estimate the media constants by measuring these parameters in the fluid by electromagnetic radiation and propagation. Microwave measurements of the parameters complex dielectric constant ε´ attenuation constant α, phase shift constant β, electron (ion) density ηe, collision frequency v are sufficient to estimate the characteristics and constituents of the fluid under test. With the help of these parameters, diagnostics of the fluid can be easily performed. In the present work it is proposed to diagnose the blood using microwaves. The medical laboratories perform biochemical measurement in order to confirm the disease of a patient and a report containing the clinical parameters is given which depend on the type of disease. In the present work an experimental procedure, using microwave measurement is conducted for the dielectric constant of the blood sample of diabetic disease by radiating 10 GHz microwave signal. The biochemical measurement and the dielectric constant of blood are compared in order to obtain a relation.