The use of smart card technology for automatic debiting and electronic payment of transport services

One novel use of smart cards is in the congestion metering system which is currently under development at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne. A congestion meter can automatically charge motorists for any traffic congestion to which they contribute while driving on city roads. The charges incurred by the motorists during congestion (or for the use of any of the above transport services) can be deducted directly from the electronic credit held on the smart cards located on-board their vehicles.