Next generation guarded Hamon transfer standards for high resistance

Guarded Hamon transfer standards have been used at NIST for decades for scaling to high resistance levels. A recent project has been undertaken to apply improved designs in guarded Hamon transfer standards to the 1 MΩ to 100 MΩ ranges with the larger goal of applying these experimental guarding and construction techniques to guarded Hamon transfer standards in the 100 GΩ to 100 TΩ ranges in the future. A guarded backbone structure, elimination of charge-storing materials in the connections, and the hermetic sealing of all the elements in one canister are the key features of this new design of transfer standards.