Dynamic models of frequency and voltage based relays for distributed generation protection

This paper presents an investigation on dynamic models of frequency and voltage-based relays used to detect islanding of synchronous and induction generators connected to distribution networks, respectively. Detailed models developed to use with electromagnetic transient programs are compared with simplified models developed to use with transient stability programs. Simulation results show that the simplified models can be used with good accuracy, so that time may be saved during planning and project stages of distributed generator anti- islanding protection.