Analysis and optimization design of compact microstrip patch antennas loaded with shorting pins

Based on the cavity model method, which proposes a theoretical analysis method for rectangular microstrip patch antennas loaded with shorting pins, we calculated the input impedance and return loss performance of a rectangular patch antenna loaded with a single shorting pin and a rectangular patch antenna loaded with two shorting pins. The calculated results were then compared with each other. Based on this analytical method, and using an optimization technique, we proposed a design method for this type of antenna, and designed a rectangular patch antenna loaded with a single shorting pin which meets mobile communication demands both in operating frequency and impedance.