Stray current analysis

Stray currents, sometimes called “objectionable currents” are part of the same phenomenon called “stray voltage.” Stray currents can cause electric shocks to humans in swimming pools. Stray voltages caused by the multigrounded neutral system can have severe effects on both humans and farm animals. These can cause injuries to humans and farm animals in a similar manner to step and touch potentials in substations, only in the home and farm environment. Accidents to humans typically result from shock hazards at swimming pools, bath tubs, basements, and other wet locations. This paper will begin with a discussion of the typical electric utility distribution system for homes and farms in the US, and the domestic wiring system that it feeds. The flow of currents for both unbalanced loads and ground faults will be estimated. The level of hazard for various configurations will be calculated. Finally, methods of remediation will be explored.