Flux observer algorithms for direct torque control of Brushless Doubly-Fed Reluctance machines

Direct Torque Control (DTC) has been extensively researched and applied to most AC machines during the last two decades. Its first application to the Brushless Doubly-Fed Reluctance Machine (BDFRM), a promising cost-effective candidate for drive and generator systems with limited variable speed ranges (such as large pumps or wind turbines), has only been reported a few years ago. However, the original DTC scheme has experienced flux estimation problems and compromised performance under the maximum torque per inverter ampere (MTPIA) conditions. This deficiency at low current and torque levels may be overcome and much higher accuracy achieved by alternative estimation approaches discussed in this paper using Kalman Filter (KF) and/or Sliding Mode Observer (SMO). Computer simulations accounting for real-time constraints (e.g. measurement noise, transducer DC offset etc.) have produced realistic results similar to those one would expect from an experimental setup.