Microgrid: A review

A paradigm shift is evolving for the way electrical power is being generated from the traditional concept of centralized large generators to small generators connected to the distribution system powered by non conventional and renewable sources. These small generators were primarily for back up and were not synchronized to the grid. A trend is being observed to change the role of these distributed generations from back up to primary source of electricity in the form of Microgrid. The paper discusses the effectiveness of the Microgrid in a distribution system and presents a comprehensive review of the Microgrid. Various architecture and control schemes of the Microgrid are reviewed. The use of combined heat and power (CHP) system to enhance the overall efficiency of the power system is discussed. The paper aims at providing a broad perspective on the state of art of the Microgrid to the researchers and application engineers dealing with power quality aspects and Microgrid. The classified manner in which the references are presented in this paper will serve them as quick and useful reference.