Management of different energy storage devices using a losses minimization algorithm

The paper presents a methodology for controlling different energy storage devices based on their efficiency curves and derived from their power losses functions. This control strategy was tested through simulations on a DC distribution system made up of two different energy storage devices (i.e., lead-acid battery and supercapacitors), and an active DC load. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm was evaluated with different types of load cycles describing three benchmark driving cycles and was compared to different empiric strategies that set a constant share of the requested power between the storage devices.