Title :
Enhancement of nonlinearities in photorefractive bismuth sillenites via phosphorous and manganese co-doping
Author :
Fischer, G.L. ; Harris, M.T. ; Callahan, M.J. ; Bailey, J.S. ; Larkin, J.J.
Author_Institution :
Res. Lab., Hanscom AFB, Bedford, MA, USA
Abstract :
Summary form only given. The goal of this study was to increase the photorefractive nonlinear response of the bismuth sillenites; bismuth silicon oxide (BSO), bismuth germanate (BGO), and bismuth titanate (BTO). Over 300 boules of BSO, BTO, and BGO were grown. Compounds of 19 elements, either singly or in combination, were added as dopants to the melts of these crystals. Enhancement was only measured in crystals that were co-doped with phosphorous and manganese. With this dopant combination, enhancement was seen in BSO, BTO, and BGO crystals.
Keywords :
bismuth compounds; diffraction gratings; manganese; multiwave mixing; phosphorus; photorefractive materials; BGO; BSO; BSO:P,Mn; BTO; Bi/sub 12/GeO/sub 20/:P,Mn; Bi/sub 12/TiO/sub 20/:P,Mn; Bi12SiO20:P,Mn; P/Mn co-doping; bismuth germanate; bismuth silicon oxide; bismuth sillenites; bismuth titanate; crystal melts; nonlinearities enhancement; phosphorous/manganese co-doping; photorefractive bismuth sillenites; photorefractive nonlinear response; Absorption; Bismuth; Crystals; Diffraction; Doping; Gratings; Manganese; Maxwell equations; Photorefractive effect; Photorefractive materials;
Conference_Titel :
Lasers and Electro-Optics, 1998. CLEO 98. Technical Digest. Summaries of papers presented at the Conference on
Conference_Location :
San Francisco, CA, USA
Print_ISBN :
1-55752-339-0
DOI :
10.1109/CLEO.1998.676072
