Adaptive droop for primary control in MTDC networks with energy storage

Multi-terminal DC (MTDC) systems are drawing a lot of interest lately in applications related to distributed generation, especially in those that integrate wind or PV systems together with energy storage. This paper proposes an improved strategy for the primary control of MTDC integrating energy storage (ES) units. The concept is based on the combination of a droop control method and dc-bus signaling in order to provide a generic approach to be used as basis for a hierarchical control structure in a multi-point DC-bus system. The proposed method considers the State of Charge (SoC) of the energy storage system at the primary control level, yielding a surface characteristic for a droop control that depends both on the SoC and the dc bus voltage. Finally, a method for designing and tuning the system is proposed and analyzed theoretically and through simulations and experiments on a 10kVA system with energy storage.