System analysis of automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) for closely spaced parallel approaches

Closely spaced parallel approaches are used at many of the busiest airports to increase capacity and thus reduce delays. In this paper, system requirements for an ADS-B based airborne collision detection and alerting system for closely spaced parallel approaches are developed with a focus on human in the loop performance. Risk analysis indicates that the probability of collision given pilot non-conformance to alerts in airborne systems is 6 times greater than the probability of collision when pilot´s conform to system alerts. A target per-approach collision rate of 1 collision per 25 million approaches can be met using a climb-turn escape manoeuvre given 90% pilot conformance and pilot response times less than 5 seconds