Benefits of vertically stacked integrated circuits for sequential logic

Future demands for performance of electronic systems will push the development of three-dimensional (3-D) packaging technologies. Up to now 3-D stacking techniques are just used to realize high density memory modules. In this paper we investigate problems and solutions of sequential logic circuit design for vertically stacked integrated circuits (VIC). We analyze a test strategy and a 3-D placement tool for VICs that allows us to generate globally optimized circuit layouts by a 3-D arrangement of gates. Our focus is on test overhead obtained by the proposed test strategy for VICs and the reduction of wiring space attained by 3-D routing. Additionally we discuss the effect of our 3-D placement procedure on fault coverage. The results obtained using this procedure in different circuit layouts for 3-D circuits are compared to single chip solutions