Ultrashort-laser-pulse measurement at the sample medium: transient-grating frequency-resolved optical gating in air

Summary form only given. Measurement techniques operate as separate apparatuses and measure neither the pulse distortion effects in the experiment nor those of the pulse-measurement apparatus. These effects can become significant when extremely short pulses are used. In this work, we show that, unlike other full-pulse-characterization methods, frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG), can easily be performed within transient-grating experiments to yield the pulse at the sample medium without the need for corrections.