Modern travelling-wave tubes for space applications

Travelling-wave tubes for space applications must be designed for the high reliability, long life, and environments typical of this application. This paper will be given in two parts. The first part describes a 20-watt, S-band travelling-wave tube developed for use where critical data must be transmitted during or after exposure to high-impact shock loading at levels up to 10,000 G for 1 millisecond duration. This tube is ppm focused with a typical performance of 24 watts power output at 30% overall efficiency and 41 db gain.