The effects of finite focusing fields on klystron performance

The effects of a finite or spatially varying focusing field, drift length, and cavity voltage and phase have been studied with a disk-model digital-computer program. The gaps are assumed to be thin and gridless and Mihran´s merit figure is used to calculate the output power of the klystron. The pertinent equations, assumptions, and the methods of calculating the space-charge forces are discussed. The resulting large-signal program is sufficiently flexible so that a multicavity klystron with a piecewise linear focusing field may be analyzed in a single run.