Agent-based modeling and simulation on the electric vehicle battery conditions and secondary service capacity in the battery switching station

With the development of the smart grid and the increasement of the electric vehicles (EVs) market penetration besides the construction of EV battery switching stations, the large amount of retired batteries shall form a significant issue in the near future. Therefore the secondary service of the retired EV batteries is critical for the adoption of the EVs and the economical operation of the power network. Before adopting the retired batteries for the secondary service, their capacity assessment is of the primary concern for decision about the proper secondary services in the smart grid. In this paper, an agent-based model is proposed to simulate the battery switching service and to assess the capacity of the EVs. The operation of the battery switching station is firstly analyzed, and then an agent-based model of the battery switching service is proposed, which enables the observation of the EV battery switching request, the simulation of the battery switching station, and the assessment of the replaced batteries. Furthermore, by adopting the latest statistics of the vehicle owners´ driving data and the battery degradation analysis, the general EV battery usage can be modeled and their SOH degradation therefore can be acquired. And the paper further developed a 3D computer simulation platform to verify the performance of the proposed model. Simulation denotes that the proposed model can well reveal the driving mode of the EV owners and the degradation of the EV batteries, which will be of significant meanings in making decisions on the secondary service selection of the EV batteries based on which the secondary service capacity in a certain area can be assessed by using the actual data there. This model will be of much importance in finding the optimized battery utilization plan to maximize their full life circle value