Power quality improvement in primary distribution grids through vehicle-to-grid technologies

The transition of modern electric distribution network towards the Smart Grids involves many operators and subjects that actively interact with the grid. In this scenario the role of Distributors and End Users can change respect to the traditional concept. However this can be an opportunity to improve the quality of power through energy resources distributed into the network. These resources are of course renewable generators, especially photovoltaic and wind, but also other devices connected to grids. These can be dedicated storage systems installed to mitigate the variability of renewable energies. The main idea developed in this paper is the application of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technologies to compensate the most probable disturbances that can occur in primary distribution electric networks. In fact, the storage installed on-board the vehicles could easy be applied to compensation devices such as DVRs and STATCOMs in order to improve the quality of power for the grids. After a statistical analysis coming from real measurements on Italian primary distribution network, the proposed system is modelled and simulated to test its feasibility.