A Node Localization Approach Using Particle Swarm Optimization in Wireless Sensor Networks

In the most applications of wireless sensor networks (WSN), the position of sensor node is important for the environment sensing, search and rescue, and geographical routing and tracking, and so on. This paper has proposed an accurate and simply scheme of mobile-assisted localization for the wireless channel loss model unknown environment in WSN. One localization algorithm is implemented using the particle swarm optimization (PSO). For improved the localization effect, the path planning strategy based on a kind of grid scan is suggested. To comparative evaluation of the proposed localization algorithm, the results of the localization algorithm based on multilateration in the same conditions are also provided. It is obtained that localization effect of proposed scheme is significantly better than localization scheme based on the multilateration for wireless channel loss model unknown environment. Furthermore, the weight factor τ in the constructed fitness function is also discussed. Overall, the simulation results have shown that the localization performance of PSO based on the mobile beacon is dependent upon the fitness function, the path planning of mobile beacon node.