Photovoltaic power penetration planning with generator output and capacitor adjustments using PSO considering N-1 contingency

In recent years, many developed countries have started promoting the penetration of renewable energy for many reasons, including reduction of CO2 emissions. In developing areas such as Southeast Asia, high penetration of renewable energy is also encouraged as a measure against electric power shortages caused by industrial development and population growth. To realize large-scale penetration of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics (PVs) and wind energy, we must consider the voltage profile. Moreover, in planning the penetration of renewable energy, it is necessary to maintain the voltage within suitable limits. Here we propose a PV power penetration planning method using particle swarm optimization considering voltage stability. In addition, N-1 transmission line contingency is considered for further reliability. We also use the IEEJ WEST 10-machine O/V system model to confirm the validity of the proposed method.