Beam-forming and Direction of Arrivals estimation in smart antennas mounted on high velocity platform

Smart antennas are based on digital signal processing algorithms. Any type of antenna arrays when combined with signal processor results in a smart antenna which can locate and track signals and enhance the reception in Signal of Interest (SOI) direction and minimize the interference reception in Signal Not of Interest (SNOI) direction. Smart antennas improve the performance of radar systems, automotive systems and wireless communication system. There are several algorithms for Direction of Arrivals (DOA) estimation but in this paper a subspace Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm has been implemented which is the most popular and accurate method for DOA estimation of antennas mounted on high velocity platforms. When the direction of incoming signal is estimated then spatial processing techniques are referred to as beam-forming require to improve the reception performance of receiving antenna array by placing a maximum beam towards the SOI and nulling the interferers towards the SNOI. Beamforming algorithm which has been implemented here is Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm.