Title :
Direct Finite-Element Solver of Linear Complexity for Large-Scale 3-D Electromagnetic Analysis and Circuit Extraction
Author :
Bangda Zhou ; Dan Jiao
Author_Institution :
Sch. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN, USA
Abstract :
In this paper, we develop a linear-complexity direct finite-element solver for the electromagnetic analysis of general 3-D problems containing arbitrarily shaped lossy or lossless conductors in inhomogeneous materials. Both theoretical analysis and numerical experiments have demonstrated the solver´s linear complexity in CPU time and memory consumption with prescribed accuracy satisfied. The proposed direct solver has successfully analyzed an industry product-level full package involving over 22.8488 million unknowns in approximately 16 h on a single core running at 3 GHz. It has also rapidly solved large-scale antenna arrays of over 73 wavelengths with 3600 antenna elements whose number of unknowns is over 10 million. The proposed direct solver has been compared with the finite-element methods that utilize the most advanced direct sparse solvers and a widely used commercial iterative finite-element solver. Clear advantages of the proposed solver in time and memory complexity, as well as computational efficiency, have been demonstrated.
Keywords :
computational electromagnetics; finite element analysis; iterative methods; circuit extraction; commercial iterative finite-element solver; general 3D problems; industry product-level full package; large-scale 3-D electromagnetic analysis; linear-complexity direct finite-element solver; memory complexity; time complexity; Accuracy; Complexity theory; Electromagnetic analysis; Finite element analysis; Mathematical model; Particle separators; Sparse matrices; 3-D structures; Circuit analysis; direct solvers; electromagnetic analysis; fast solvers; finite-element methods (FEMs); frequency domain; linear-complexity solvers;
Journal_Title :
Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TMTT.2015.2472003