Benefits and challenges of virtualization in 5G radio access networks

Future 5G deployments will embrace a multitude of novel technologies that will significantly change the air interface, system architecture, and service delivery platforms. However, compared to previous migrations to next-generation technologies, this time the implementation of mobile networks will receive particular attention. The virtualization of network functionality, the application of open, standardized, and inter-operable software, as well as the use of commodity hardware, will transform mobile-network technology. In this article we focus on the benefits, challenges, and limitations that accompany virtualization in 5G radio access networks (RANs). Within the context of virtualized RAN, we consider its implementation requirements and analyze its cost. We also outline the impact on standardization, which will continue to involve 3GPP but will engage new players whose inclusion in the discussion encourages novel implementation concepts.