Energy-efficient architecture and technologies for device to device (D2D) based proximity service

Considering that modern mobile terminals possess the capability to detect users´ proximity, and offer means to directly communicate and share content with the people in close area, Device-to-Device (D2D) based Proximity Services (ProSe) have recently witnessed great development, which enable users to seek for and utilize relevant value in their physical proximity, and are capable to create numerous new mobile service opportunities. However, without a breakthrough in battery technology, the energy will be the biggest limitation for ProSe. Through incorporating the features of ProSe (D2D communication technologies, abundant built-in sensors, localization- dependent, and context-aware, etc.), this paper thoroughly investigates the energy-efficient architecture and technologies for ProSe from the following four aspects: underlying networking technology, localization, application and architecture features, context-aware and user interactions. Besides exploring specific energy-efficient schemes pertaining to each aspect, this paper offers a perspective for research and applications. In brief, through classifying, summarizing and optimizing the multiple efforts on studying, modeling and reducing energy consumption for ProSe on mobile devices, the paper would provide guide for developers to build energy-efficient ProSe.