Design patterns for topological modeling

Theoretical frameworks of topological modeling and various potential applications have been proposed by Kunii and his collaborators. However serious applications are still wanted to prove the ubiquitous importance of the topological modeling technology. To accelerate progress in this field we need to pay more attention to design patterns that are to be shared among researchers and developers of topological modeling tools. This paper presents some useful patterns derived from experience in developing interactive topological modeling tools.