Ionization potential and nature of charge carriers of fluid hydrogen in wide pressure interval

A simple model is used for estimating of the bottom energy of the electron conduction band and the electron-forbidden gap energy. It is shown that electrons in fluid hydrogens are localized not in electron bubbles, as was considered previously, but in molecular negative ions surrounded by voids about 0.5 nm in radius. The conductivity of fluid hydrogens at not very high pressures is connected to transfer of positively charged clusters and negatively charged bubbles. As the pressure and density increase, molecular dissociation occurs and electron localization on atoms becomes more favorable, also with the creation of a void around atomic negative ions. At a sufficiently high concentration of atoms, the probability of tunnel transition of an electron from one atom to another becomes closed to unity, the energy levels of the negative ions degenerate in the band, and the conductivity is caused by the transfer of these quasifree electrons. It is supposed that this charge transfer mechanism may play an important role in the region of the fluid hydrogens metallization.