What technology of switching systems to adopt in central and eastern Europe (CEE) countries?

The synthetical description of today´s state of telecommunications (TC) networks in central and eastern Europe (CEE) countries and common global characteristics of the existing switching systems are mentioned. Social, economic and political goals and challenges are described to show that ISDN technology of switching systems is at present the best way to solve both quantitative and qualitative problems of transforming TC networks in CEE countries. A feasible scenario, the set of pragmatic actions to be done, and conditions of the effective introduction of ISDN technology switching systems in the near future are presented.