Microwave Instrumentation for Industrial On-Line Measurement of Improved Accuracy

A principle of operation of two systems with an alternating measurement of the reference and the measured quantities has been discussed. They make it possible to reduce the inaccuracies of the results of measurement without need of: using highly stabilized elements or devices, stabilization of the operating conditions of the units or of the whole system, stabilization of the parameters of the units or of the whole system etc. Furthermore, the knowledge of the value of the quantities to exert an influence upon metrological parameters of the system as well as the dependence of these parameters upon particular effects is not necessary. Such systems can be applied in the microwave measuring instrumentation intended for use under industrial conditions.