Optimization of the input impedance of Koch triangular quasi-fractal antennas using genetic algorithms

This work presents an optimization on the input impedance of Koch triangular quasi-fractal antennas using an efficient genetic algorithm (GA). The impedance matching is done by using an inset-fed, which is optimized to minimize the return loss (RL). The excitation of this structure is done using a microstrip line. The antennas are designed using the Ansoft Design™ software and the new structures, that are optimized with GA, are simulated, measured and compared with the same patch antenna but with the lengths of the inset-fed (y₀) calculated by well-known models available in the literature. The return loss value of the GA optimized antenna is below -40 dB at the resonant frequency.