Utilizing the Bulk-driven technique in analog circuit design

The last few decades, a great deal of attention has been paid to low-voltage (LV) low-power (LP) integrated circuits design since the power consumption has become a critical issue. Among many techniques used for the design of LV LP analog circuits, the Bulk-driven principle offers a promising route towards this design for many aspects mainly the simplicity and using the conventional MOS technology to implement these designs. This paper is devoted to the Bulk-driven (BD) principle and utilizing this principle to design LV LP building blocks of Current Mirror (CM), Enhanced Current Mirror (ECM), Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA), Current Conveyor (CCII) and Current Differencing Transconductance Amplifier (CDTA) in standard CMOS processes and supply voltage ±0.7 V. The simulation results have been carried out by the Spice simulator using the 0.25 μ CMOS technology from TSMC.