Proactive control for energy systems in Smart Buildings

Term “Smart Buildings” refers to various control techniques used for integration of renewable energy sources to buildings, reduction of greenhouse emissions and demand side management. Majority of these techniques depend on a stiff grid connection to control real-time energy balance. Recent advances in energy storage, demand side algorithms, on-site CHPs, intelligent appliances along with development of sensor networks and information technology suggest that near real-time optimal dispatch of all installed resources is possible. This paper proposes a hierarchical integral method to support proactive control of multiple energy sources installed in buildings. It presents all relevant aspects of prediction, scheduling and real-time decision making for installed generation, demand side management, energy storage and energy exchange with power grid. Such features add more options for management of installed energy sources by accommodating for their different dynamic properties and any supply uncertainties. Test cases are used to demonstrate strategic decisions taken by the controller.