Titanium surface modification by Directed Irradiation Synthesis (DIS): Nanostructuring for regenerative medicine

Bone tissue damages and even some spinal cord pathologies can be treated by using titanium implants. Despite the fact that its use proved to be highly effective, it also has some limitations, mainly due to titanium being currently assumed to be a first generation biomaterial [1]. Tissue growth and regeneration on Ti implants can be only achieved by modifying them to a third generation biomaterial, allowing surrounded tissue to be influenced at molecular level [2].