Analytical study of Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs): An exploration for optimum utilization of spectrum hole

This paper provides an analysis of the Cognitive Radio Networks (CRN) for optimized utilization of spectrum hole. The focus of the paper is to control the packet generation by Cognitive Users (CUs) in such a way that the available spectrum hole could be optimally utilized. We emphasize on determining the volume of data to be generated by CUs based on the available spectrum hole in order to achieve minimum packet loss and maximum throughput. For analytical evaluation, the packet arrival at CU is modeled as Poisson´s process and availability of channels for CU devices are modeled as random activity. An optimization function is designed to provide a feed back to CR devices for controlling the packet generation depending on the expansion and compression of spectrum hole over time. An algorithm is also proposed to increase or decrease packet generation in order to maximize channel utilization and minimize packet loss. Various costs computed through numerical evaluation show that the cost of CRN system could significantly be improved by adjusting packet generation based on size of the spectrum hole.