Wind power curtailment and energy storage in transmission congestion management considering power plants ramp rates

The integration of intermittent generation in power grids, such as wind energy, imposes new challenges for transmission congestion management. In order to solve this problem, energy storage systems (ESS) have been proposed in the literature, as they provide an efficient mechanism for balancing variability while reducing operational costs. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the dynamic interactions between wind energy curtailment and an energy storage system (ESS) when the ramping rates of power plants are considered. An analytical framework is developed to study different mitigation measures in terms of total energy curtailed, total congestion costs, line load factor and congestion probability. This framework is tested in a real case study and a sensitivity analysis is performed to identify the influence of the main ESS design parameters in congestion mitigation performance.