Distributed economic automatic generation control: A game theoretic perspective

Automatic generation control (AGC) is regularly used to maintain frequency stability and quality in multi-area power system. As each of control areas intend to achieve the best economy during AGC regulation, a concept of optimally economic AGC in a distributed manner arises and is required to investigate. Game theory provides a natural framework for such a kind of problems. Since different control areas may compete or cooperate with each other, cooperative and non-cooperative games are studied in this paper, and are further distinguished with different types of area control errors (ACEs). Two fully distributed, optimally economic AGC strategies for the two game models are proposed with a proof of convergence. Then the incentives and efficiency of cooperation in different control areas are discussed. Finally, the rudimentary IEEE 9-bus, 3-areas power system is used to verify the proposed methodology.