Fault Location estimation based on voltage sag information of PQMS

Nowadays, power companies are actively promoting the construction of power quality monitoring system (PQMS). There is a vital need to deal with the large amount of data extracted from PQMS. This paper proposes a novel method of fault location estimation based on the voltage sag records of PQMS. By this method, fault position and fault resistance can be estimated by particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO). This method can adapt to complex structure of power grid with high accuracy. Furthermore, a novel concept of influence domain of voltage sag is proposed based on the result of fault location estimation. The domain can clearly reflect the area of sensitive consumers affected by the voltage sag, and can provide data basis for maintaining security & stability operation and accident defense of power grid. Finally, two examples are given to demonstrate the availability and accuracy of the method by implementing in MATLAB.