Data center energy systems: Current technology and future direction

Data centers are becoming a significant energy consumer. Server workload, cooling, and supporting infrastructure represents large loads for the grid. This paper intends to present a comprehensive literature review that account for generation, loads, storage, and topology of data centers. It is shown that green data centers are emerging which incorporate renewable energy sources to cap their carbon footprint. Different data center metrics have been introduced which shows data center efficiency and utilization of resources. Utilization of different power supply topologies and storage to improve the availability, and how various components can play role in energy management to improve the performance of data centers are presented.