Magnetic neural stimulation of peripheral nerve: A study for optimum spatial and temporal electric field distribution

Magnetic stimulation of peripheral nerves is an evolving research that leads to contactless activation of the axons. Traditionally, this technique was applied for the design of transcranial stimulators and was subsequently used in clinical studies for the treatment of epilepsy, chronic pain and mood disorder. Despite its success, the large dimension of the magnetic stimulator and the significant energy requirement to elicit neural activity hindered the ability of magnetic stimulators to become a viable candidate for the implantable systems. Compared to electrical neural stimulation, magnetic stimulators require ∼10⁸ times higher energy and ∼50 times larger electrode (or coil). Therefore, there is a need to research strategies to minimize the energy and dimensions of magnetic stimulators.