Design and Optimization of Multiband F-Shaped Fractal Patch Antenna for Wireless Communication

A novel compact multiband fractal printed patch antenna has been proposed with simulated and experimental results. F-shape fractal patch has been employed to achieve size reduction and enhance the number of operating bands. Various iterations of this fractal antenna are compared, and an optimized design is presented. There are three various iterations have been applied one by one on square patch which results in fractal patch antenna which resonates at 3.1 GHz, 6.3 GHz, 9.9 GHz respectively with bandwidth of 270 MHz, 180 MHz, 1700MHz at corresponding frequencies. This antenna finds applications for defense and secure communication, C band (4 GHz to 8 GHz)and X band (8 GHz to 12 GHz) applications where antenna can be used for satellite communication and RADAR application. Exploitation of E-shape fractal notion in antenna design makes the patch antenna flexible in terms of generating resonances and bandwidth as an iteration order of the fractal is increased. Several properties of the antenna such as impedance bandwidth, radiation patterns, radiation efficiency, electric current distributions on the patch, and gain have been demonstrated numerically and empirically in detail. Experimental results have authorized the design procedure and confirm the gratification of the requirements for multistandard mobile terminal applications. Proposed antenna is designed using IE3D Simulator.