Offering strategy of a Plug-in Electric Vehicle parking lot in renewable-based distribution networks

In this paper, the impacts of type, size and placement of renewable energy resources (RERs) on the offering strategy of Plug-in Electric Vehicle (PEV) parking lots is investigated. To this end, a stochastic programming model is proposed to optimize the behavior of a PEV parking lot in energy and reserve markets, considering the interaction with RESs. On this basis, the PEV parking lot is modeled in a distribution system consisting of wind and photovoltaic power producers. Moreover, the stochastic model consists of uncertainty characteristics of PEV owners´ behavior, wind and photovoltaic power generation. Several numerical studies are analyzed to indicate how the factors of the RESs affect the optimal offering strategy of the parking lots.