Magnetic solitons driven by spin-based phenomena: A review on their features and potentialities

Magnetic solitons are localized magnetization configurations which can be stabilized in both conservative and dissipative systems. They can be nucleated by means of the spin-transfer torque starting from a uniform magnetization state and they can exist as static or dynamical states. They can be classified according to their topology, namely to their skyrmion number. Here, we summarize the main features of three kinds of solitons (vortexes, bubbles, and skyrmions), pointing out their most promising technological applications.