Ground states of magnetic spherical shells

A competition between short-range exchange and long-range magnetostatic interactions results in nontrivial distribution of magnetization in a magnetic nanoparticle [1]. Such magnetic distributions as vortex and onion are widely studied for the case of planar structures. Recently a significant interest to nanomagnets with curved shape appears. On the one hand it is due to modern techniques of fabrication of nanoparticles of a custom shape, and on the other hand the curvature might significantly change magnetic properties of the sample and cause new effects [2].