The electron bunches dynamics at the Laser-Plasma interaction in the blowout regime

The accelerating gradients in conventional linear accelerators are currently limited for technical reasons to ∼100 MV/m [1], partly due to breakdown that occurs on the walls of the structure at the high accelerating field strength. To achieve the high energy of the accelerated particles, it is necessary to build more large-scale and expensive accelerators. Plasma-based accelerators have the ability to sustain accelerating gradients which is several orders of magnitude greater than that obtained in conventional linear accelerators [1, 2]. Due to the rapid development of laser technology [1 – 13] Laser-Plasma-based accelerators are of great interest now. At present, the intensity of the focused laser radiation exceeds the value of 10²² W/cm². Over the past decade, successful experiments on Laser Wakefield Acceleration of charged particles in the plasma confirmed the relevance of this method of acceleration [2 – 7, 12]. Evidently, the extremely large accelerating gradients in the Laser Plasma Accelerators allow to reduce significantly the size and to cut the cost of accelerators, which are widely used in scientific research, material science, industry, medicine and biology. Another important advantage of the Laser-Plasma-based accelerators is that they have the potential to produce short electron bunches with high energy.