Empirical path loss model fit from measurements from a vehicle-to-infrastructure network in Munich at 5.9 GHz

Path loss is a major consideration in the link budget of vehicular communication systems. Accurate path loss models enable the prediction of the median received power level of radio waves. In this work, we discuss the empirical path loss models for a Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) scenario in the 5.9 GHz band based on real-world measurements carried out with IEEE 802.11p in the urban areas of Munich, Germany. Our data analysis is compared to widely popular empirical models such as Original Hata, COST-Hata, Extended Hata and Extended Hata-SRD.